A
Web server is a program that, using the client/server model and the World
Wide Web's Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), serves the files that form Web pages to Web users (whose
computers contain HTTP clients that forward their requests). Every computer
on the Internet that contains a Web site must have a Web server program. Two
leading Web servers are Apache, the most widely-installed Web server, and
Microsoft's Internet Information Server (IIS). Other Web servers include Novell's
Web Server for users of its NetWare operating system and IBM's family of Lotus
Domino servers, primarily for IBM's OS/390 and AS/400 customers.
Web servers often
come as part of a larger package of Internet- and intranet-related programs
for serving e-mail, downloading requests for File Transfer Protocol (FTP) files, and building and publishing
Web pages. Considerations in choosing a Web server include how well it works
with the operating system and other servers, its ability to handle server-side
programming, security characteristics, and publishing, search engine, and
site building tools that may come with it.